A Data Model for Unrecognised Historical Neighbourhood (Case study: Telukbetung, Indonesia)

Unrecognised Historical places, which are locations with history but lacking official recognition, particularly prevalent in Southeast Asia, often face a dearth of accessible historical information. To tackle this challenge, there is an urgent need to commence the collection and documentation of historical data concerning Unrecognised Historical places. This initiative aims to prevent the loss of history, given that such sites are frequently subjected to rapid development and commercialization. To date, City Geography Markup Language (CityGML), an Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standard 3D data format, has been developed for presenting city models along with semantic data and is often used in the heritage domain for preservation. It aids in digital infrastructure development and the conservation of urban elements. Furthermore, it provides a mechanism to extend the standard data model to meet the requirements of various purposes. While several CityGML extensions tailored to the documentation of Cultural Heritage already exist, there is currently no extension specifically designed to address the requirements of Unrecognised Historical places. The aim of this paper is to identify a suitable approach for developing a new standardised data model that integrates geometric and semantic information, which is demonstrated for the modelling of Telukbetung, an old city in Bandar Lampung through time.