Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Wearable, {AR}-based {BCI} for Robot Control in {ADHD} Treatment

A highly wearable, single-channel Brain-Computer Interface based on Augmented Reality and Steady-State Visually Evoked Potentials is proposed as a therapy for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) rehabilitation of children. Through the proposed system, the user can drive a social robot, in real-time, by simply looking at the flickering icons rendered on the Augmented Reality (AR) smart glasses. The social robot is already successfully employed for ADHD treatment. After a preliminary evaluation of the children adherence to the therapy (involving 18 subjects), a one-month therapy was conducted on 7 participants. During the tests, different tasks were assigned to the children depending on their level of involvement. The obtained results, based on the Italian Battery for ADHD, highlight that for all the participants, an improvement in the various tests proposed could be observed, even with a low number of sessions.