Optimal Deployment of Charging Stations for Electric Vehicular Networks

In a smart city environment, we look at a new, upcoming generation of vehicles running on electric power supplied by on-board batteries. Best recharging options include charging at home, as well as charging at public areas. In this setting, electric vehicles will be informed about public charging stations using wireless communications. As the charging stations are shared resources, cooperating electric vehicles have the potential to avoid unbalanced use of recharging stations and lengthy waiting times. We present a model for electric vehicles and their battery depletion, vehicle mobility, charging stations, and give a solution for optimal placement of charging stations in a smart city. Our placement approach is based on genetic programming and simulation of electric vehicles which move on a real map of a European city. We show that after a few evolution steps, an optimal solution of the charging infrastructure is derived based on mean trip times of electric vehicles.