Planar Array Beampattern Synthesis with Sidelobe Level Reduction Under Dynamic Range Constraints via Convex Optimization

In this paper, an iterative convex optimization algorithm with a dynamic range constraint is proposed to synthesize the excitation coefficients of periodic planar arrays, aiming to achieve very low sidelobe levels across the entire visible region. The study considers square lattice array, concentric-ring lattice array, as well as triangular lattice array with hexagonal aperture. The results demonstrate that the triangular lattice array provides better performance in terms of sidelobe level, squint error, tapering efficiency, and half-power beamwidth compared to the square lattice configuration.