Multi-Objective Development of a Point Absorber Wave Energy Converter Using Dynamic Modelling

Point absorbers, a type of wave energy converters (WECs), are a promising category of devices due to their compact size, design simplicity, and potential for high-energy capture efficiency. However, traditional modelling approaches often rely on single-degree-of-freedom motion and linear power take-off (PTO) systems, which can lead to inaccuracies in predicting power performance, hydrodynamic interactions, and structural loads. Moreover, past research on point absorbers and similar WECs has typically been divided, with most studies focusing primarily on maximizing power absorption while paying limited attention to structural analysis. As a result, integrated approaches that simultaneously consider both hydrodynamic performance and structural analysis remain relatively rare. These limitations can result in solutions far from optimal design choices and reduced efficiency, in both, structural and energy performance terms. To address these challenges, this study employs a two-degree-of-freedom time-domain model based on direct integration to support both performance evaluation and structural analysis of a point absorber WEC. The model incorporates nonlinear PTO component and enables numerical simulations by adopting customized sea surface elevation time series to represent effectively realistic wave excitation forces. Through dynamic load assessments, the study provides key insights into optimal floater geometry, and supporting structure design to enhance reliability, survivability, and overall efficiency. Furthermore, the results indicate a potential reduction in material mass of up to 87%. In sum, this work contributes to the development of more cost-effective and structurally resilient wave energy converters, paving the way for viable commercialization and reliable deployment in the ocean.