A Radial Glide-Symmetric Corrugated Leaky-Wave Antenna for Passive 2-D DoA Estimation

A fully metallic sectorial leaky-wave antenna (LWA) is proposed to perform passive two-dimensional direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation. The LWA consists of a sectorial waveguide with radial glide-symmetric corrugations on the bottom plate and periodic slots on the top plate. The sectorial geometry and the slots allow for a 2-D directional pattern in azimuth and elevation planes. The antenna, designed without active components and fed by a single port, ensures a simple and cost-effective design. The performance of the LWA for 2-D DoA estimation is evaluated using the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm. The proposed passive LWA enables accurate elevation and azimuth DoA estimation with a single-port setup.