AI-Driven Data Integration in Real Estate Development Processes

The fragmentation of data on the existing built environment is a critical obstacle to the governance of urban spaces. Although a wide range of data sources is available, from satellite imagery and environmental sensors to socio-demographic and cadastral datasets, these resources often lack interoperability and integration. This deficiency limits the ability of governments and stakeholders to conduct accurate monitoring, implement informed real estate development strategies, and promote sustainable urban regeneration practices. The research aims to explore how the integration of advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, particularly Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) based technologies, can contribute to the development of innovative approaches for urban management and the enhancement of disused building stock. In particular, the analysis aims to investigate the role of AI in Due Diligence (DD) processes, through a literature review in the areas of Smart Cities (SC) and Urban Management (UM), to define a theoretical-methodological framework to support data-driven urban regeneration strategies. These technologies enable the generation of predictive urban models by combining heterogeneous inputs, such as geospatial frameworks, land-use data, environmental performance, and socioeconomic indicators. The research adopts a multidimensional approach based on a systematic literature review, which identified more than 1,200 academic contributions. Through a multi-stage filtering process, the most relevant analyses were classified into two main areas: “Artificial Intelligence and Smart Cities” and “Artificial Intelligence and Urban Management”, with a focus on “Due Diligence” and models for “Architectural Heritage Enhancement.” Integrating AI capabilities into the development of urban regeneration strategies has the potential to create resilient and smart cities. This can optimise resources while minimising land consumption and enhance inclusive and collaborative governance. Despite growing scholarly interest, analysis has revealed significant gaps in the development of these technologies. The proposed approach is in line with emerging urban agendas and promotes a transition to resilient, circular, and smart cities. This study advocates for digital innovation that is not only technologically advanced but also ethically grounded and socially inclusive.