"Turin digital twins: initiatives and challenges"

The ability of the Digital Twins (DT) to provide value-added information simplistically has paved a completely new and broader path of opportunities in the field of Remote Sensing (RS) and digital 3D modeling. The presence of state-of-the-art RS techniques like LiDAR, SLAM, close-range photogrammetry, aerial photogrammetry, and their possible integration have even broadened the horizons and scopes for the creation and update of DT. In addition to 3D modelling, DT features the fourth dimension, time, which itself alters the data and the associated semantic information. DT enables the end users with a simplistic browsable and interactive web environment to analyze the past, present, and future of urban dynamics. Urban DT represents the virtual picture of a complex and dynamic physical world with a variety of applications in mobility, planning, energy, and many others. In this contribution, we focus on the ongoing progress and initiative in the project of creating the DT for the city of Turin Italy and deriving products from it. The DT project is aimed at the extraction of the built environment features, land use data, road network, and signs along with the update of the model with time.