I fattori di rischio antropico sul patrimonio in terra lionese: cause, sintomi e prospettive

The earthen heritage of Lyon's pisé (rammed earth) is significantly damaged by improper interventions. Introducing necessary comforts (electrical, plumbing, gas, air conditioning, etc.) into these structures is not necessarily incompatible with earth material, but must be integrated with care and knowledge of the property. The lack of awareness of this heritage among professionals (craftsmen, construction companies, etc.), residents/owners/users of these structures, and the political-institutional sphere is evident. If conservation is carried out without expertise, this heritage can be damaged. This lack of material knowledge often leads to an epidemic of improper interventions or neglect of the property. At the whole city’s scale, then, there's a risk of lack of recognition. Earthen material is perceived as fragile and expendable, leading to the replacement and disappearance of the physical structure and associated knowledge. The necessary intervention, therefore, involves raising awareness among territorial communities and integrating good intervention practices into the City and Department’s guidelines, and within the UNESCO Management Plan. The paper aims to analyse and evaluate anthropic risks on Lyon's earthen architecture, examining their close connection to the perception of this heritage.