Strategies for demand-side management in an office building integrated with rooftop façade PV installations.

Strategies for demand side management in an office building located in the North-West of Italy with 47 kWp of rooftop and façade PV installations are identified and quantified in terms of energy shifting. The building energy management system provides data on environmental variables (e.g., the set-point and measured temperature of each room) and energy vectors (i.e., electricity and heat) that are exchanged by the building with the available energy grids (i.e., a low-voltage electricity distribution grid and a district heating network). The thermal and electric loads of the building have been monitored for more than a year to identify opportunities for demand-side management. By monitoring the temporal evolution of the temperature profile (decay) of the building at night, when no solar heat gain is present and no additional heat gains are virtually in place (all the heat distribution systems and mechanical ventilation are at rest), we estimated the amount of load shifting that could be applied during office hours without creating significant temperature overshot that could trigger thermal discomfort of the occupants.