Numerical modelling of masonry vaults with different brick pattern

Masonry vaults represent one of the most widespread types of horizontal structural elements in historical constructions. Vaults can be built according to different brick patterns, which, in historical building practices, were generally chosen for technical reasons. Brick pattern is expected to play an important role in the global behaviour of vaulted structures, but, despite the importance of this topic, its role on the mechanical behaviour of vaults has been investigated only by few authors. This study evaluates the influence of the masonry apparatus in barrel and cross vaults subjected to imposed displacements. The study is carried out through a numerical approach, considering micro finite element modelling. Results evidence that different brick patterns correspond to different structural stiffness and reaction forces. Moreover, barrel vaults are more sensitive than cross vaults to the orientation of the masonry apparatus.