Optimization of a Flat Directive antenna for 2.4 GHz band using Genetic Algorithm

This paper presents the automatic design of a novel type of flat directive antenna for the ISM 2.4 GHz band. The optimization is based on a combination of a genetic algorithm (GA) and Method of Moments (MoM) solver. The matrix resulting from the discretization of the antenna is computed once during the setup phase and then used at each iteration, pruning the rows and columns corresponding to parts removed from the antenna. Emphasis is put on the radiated far-field pattern and input matching. As a reference geometry, a square metal plate of size 2λ×2λ at the center frequency of 2.44 GHz is considered, with its surface subdivided into 1016 optimizable sectors. The resulting design is then prototyped and tested for the input matching and directivity.