Antibacterial properties of bioactive materials functionalized with silver nanoparticles and plant-derived biomolecules to minimize implant infections

titanium and its alloys have developed into key materials for biomedical applications owing to their biocompatibility with human tissues and excellent mechanical properties. Unmodified titanium is susceptible to microbial infections that might lead to implant failure and devastating complications with high morbidity and treatment costs. An effective approach to minimize microbial contamination on implant surfaces is to modify the biomaterial surface chemistry in order to reduce adhesion and biofilm development by microorganisms. The aim of this research was to evaluate the antibacterial activities of bioactive titanium alloy Ti6Al4V, functionalized with silver nanoparticles or the innovative Mentha piperita (MP) essential oil, both recognized for strong antimicrobial properties