Strutturazione dei dati di un GIS in ontologia: applicazione per la mappatura del degrado di un caso studio

The development of applied ontologies in the field of Information Systems and Computer Science for the optimisation of the representation of data about some specific knowledge sector is reaching also the field of Cultural Heritage. The possibility to set constraints to the interpretation of information organized in data-base and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) offers noticeable advantages for the development and the communication of knowledge about this kind of objects. This methodology was applied to a case study, during a PhD research about a possible ontology for Cultural Heritage: a façade of an ex convent, today in a critical degradation, on which a thematic analysis of the degradation state of materials and surfaces, on the base of a metric survey and managed in a GIS was previously realized. In this first study, the data were modelled using an Entity – Relation (ER) schema in order to determine objects to represent with properties and mutual relations and cardinality constraints. The formality of the language used for the modelling is increased through upper-level logic instrument, which permit the formulation of an ontology of data uniquely structured for obtaining a less ambiguous interpretation on the information.