CHAMALEONET: Programmable Passive Probe for Enhanced Visibility on Erroneous Traffic

Traffic visibility remains a key component for management and security operations. Observing erroneous traffic, i.e., unanswered requests or error messages, is fundamental to detecting misconfiguration, temporary failures or attacks. CHAMALEONET transforms any production network into a transparent monitor to let administrators collect such erroneous traffic. CHAMALEONET is programmed to ignore well-formed traffic and record only erroneous packets, including those generated by misconfigured or infected internal hosts, and those sent by external actors that scan for services. Engineering such a system poses several challenges, from scalability to privacy. Leveraging the Software-Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm, CHAMALEONET processes the humongous amount of traffic flowing through the network border and focuses on erroneous packets only, lowering the pressure on the collection system. Moreover, it offers traffic anonymisation to conform to privacy regulations. CHAMALEONET enables the seamless integration with active deceptive systems like honeypots that can impersonate hosts/ports/services and engage with senders. In an operational scenario, we show that the SDN in-hardware filtering reduces the traffic to the controller by 90%, resulting in a scalable solution, which we offer as open source. Simple statistical analytics unveil the precious information carried by erroneous traffic. We discover internal misconfigured and infected hosts, identify temporary failures, and show enhanced visibility on attackers’ scanning activities that look for vulnerable services.