From Waste to Technological Products: Bioplastics Production from Proteins Extracted from the Black Soldier Fly

The need to find sustainable solutions to conventional plastics has driven research into alternative materials, including bioplastics, which represent a promising option for reducing pollution and enhancing the value of renewable resources. In this study, bioplastics made from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and proteins extracted from the larvae of Black Soldier Fly (BSF), an insect capable of converting organic waste into high-value biomass, were produced and characterized. The proteins were obtained by hydrolysis of defatted BSF larvae with superheated water, avoiding harsh chemical reagents. Next, polymer films were fabricated by mixing PVA and hydrolyzed BSF proteins in different proportions and analyzed for morphological, physical-chemical, mechanical and biodegradability characteristics. The results obtained show that as the BSF protein content increases, the films show a reduction in thermal stability and mechanical properties, and also, they exhibit higher biodegradability, correlated with higher wettability, solubility and ability to absorb moisture. This research highlights the value of using organic waste-fed insects as a resource for bioplastic production, offering an alternative to traditional polymers and contributing to the transition to sustainable materials.