Facile fabrication of a reusable MOF-808@3D-printed device for the efficient adsorptive removal of chloramphenicol from water

A binder-free composite device was fabricated by immobilizing MOF-808 onto a stereolithographically 3Dprinted polymeric support, aiming to overcome handling and reusability limitations of powder MOFs in water treatment. Structural and morphological characterizations confirmed that MOF-808 crystallinity and uniform surface exposure were preserved after immobilization, while the printed architecture retained its macroporosity and mechanical integrity. The resulting device exhibited excellent adsorption performance toward chloramphenicol in water, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of approximately 47 mg⋅g− 1 and nearly complete removal (≈98%) within 180 min. Adsorption behavior was well described by a Langmuir monolayer model and pseudo-second-order kinetics, indicating a surface-controlled process governed by specific interactions between the pollutant and MOF-808 active sites. Intraparticle diffusion analysis revealed a multistep transport mechanism dominated by boundary-layer diffusion, with intraparticle transport playing a secondary role, consistent with the external localization of MOF-808 particles on the 3D scaffold. The composite demonstrated high stability and reusability, retaining over 90% of its adsorption efficiency after five cycles and maintaining more than 80% removal in real tap water. Preliminary column modeling based on kinetic parameters further suggested long breakthrough times under realistic operating conditions, highlighting the scalability of the MOF-808@3Dprinted device for continuous water treatment applications.