Design of technical fabrics based on numerical modelling

The aim of this study is to design and optimize technical fabrics, particularly for sportswear and industrial applications, using numerical modeling. The research focused specifically on air permeability, a key factor in fabric breathability, which is crucial for enhancing comfort and performance in both athletic and industrial environments. Building on previous studies in porous media and fabric permeability, certain challenges regarding the accuracy of existing models and their applicability to real-world scenarios remained unresolved. This study employed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to more effectively analyze and optimize fabric structures. Four types of fabric weaves (Plain Weave, Basket Weave, Filling Rib, and Twill) were analyzed with varying densities. CAD models of these fabrics were created, and CFD simulations were conducted to assess permeability and airflow. Permeability was calculated using Darcy’s law, and advanced meshing techniques were employed to simulate laminar flow through the fabrics. The study resulted in the development of precise models capable of predicting and optimizing air permeability while significantly reducing experimental tests, time and costs. These innovations are expected to improve the design of high-performance fabrics for sportswear and industrial applications.