Matching demand and supply in motorised mobility: A data-driven differentiation of the driving patterns for urban contexts

This paper deals with future automobiles and their actual compliance with both local and global emissions: the European Parliament's deliberation on the 100 % reduction of locally measured CO2 emissions (February 2023), on newly manufactured vehicles by 2035 clearly and plausibly expresses a concept - oriented towards the transport supply - that needs to be completed. The current scenario for climate change requires actions for both mitigation and adaptation. The transportation sector is currently one of the sectors where mitigation actions can be applied. This is the scope behind the program Fit for 55 led by the European Parliament, which would like the reach of net zero CO2 emissions by 2035. Additionally, many cities have applied for the net zero emission challenge by 2030. All this creates an intricated scenario for the private transportation sector, which should be affordable and flexible for all the transportation needs. A way to reach the goals defined above is the spreading of electrified transportation, including: BEVs (Battery Electric Vehicles), which provide zero tailpipe emissions during use, PHEVs (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles), which can do the same just when and where needed, without compromising the freedom of movement that drivers are accustomed to. One of the solutions for reaching these goals is the adoption of electrified vehicles. Nonetheless, many limits hinder a massive spread of BEVs, like energy and resources availability, queuing phenomena at public accessible charging stations, fire-load limitations, serious depreciation on second hand market, besides actual environmental sustainability: when looking at the carbon emissions footprint on the entire lifecycle of the energy source (namely, Well To Wheel) and of the vehicle (LCA), the neutrality with respect to GHGs is challenged.Based on these assumptions, the scope of the paper demonstrates systematically that it is possible to consider differentiated powertrain solutions per driving scenario, namely for urban contexts, thereby enabling the proper exploitation of each technological solution.