Advancing Conservation Methods of the Great Wall Cultural Heritage Through Digital Twin

Plagued by both natural and human degradation, the historic Great Wall of China faces monumental challenges, limiting the effectiveness of current conservation methods. With its integrative and interactive analyzing capabilities, Digital twin technology offers a promising solution. By enhancing planning and management strategies, improving risk monitoring and intervention, and providing multi-dimensional support, digital twin technology helps in the stability and possible reversal of the monument's decay. Using the Beichakou Great Wall in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region as a case area, this study proposes the 'Beichakou Method.' Our research demonstrates the ways in which digital twin technology contributes to heritage conservation through heritage status assessment, conservation planning optimization, risk monitoring and intervention, presentation and transmission, and multi-faceted system assurance. Despite these advancements, however, challenges remain in data acquisition, sharing, and coordinating multi-party interests, thus requiring further research.