Reinventing Urban Public Space from the Perspective of Female

As society advances, many women in urban areas still feel insecure and fearful when using parks, squares, and car parks despite recognising women’s rights and freedom of access to public spaces in many countries. In addition, the lack of equal opportunities and encouragement for girls in outdoor activities leads to their absence and self-limitation in public spaces. These realities highlight the inadequacy of most urban public spaces in meeting women’s psychological and behavioural needs and require more attention and improvement from architects and urban planners. This paper examines the development and evolution of the morphology of urban public space from a female perspective, using typomorphology, environmental behaviour, and psychology approaches. It aims to classify and integrate typomorphology according to women’s psychological and behavioural preferences and to explore the links between typomorphology and politics, society, economy, and women’s psychology and behaviour. The study aims to provide comprehensive data for urban design and strategies so that redesigned urban public spaces can adequately meet the needs of women of different ages, sexual orientations, races, classes, and identities. Such spaces will be more inclusive, friendly, attractive, and comfortable, providing theoretical guidance for global urban public spaces’ future.