Possible Superconductivity in Very Thin Magnesium Films

It is known that noble metals such as gold, silver and copper are not superconductors; this is also true for magnesium. This is due to the weakness of the electron–phonon interaction, which makes them excellent conductors but not superconductors. As has recently been shown for gold, silver and copper, and even for magnesium, it is possible that in very particular situations, superconductivity may occur. Quantum confinement in thin films has been consistently shown to induce a significant enhancement of the superconducting critical temperature in several superconductors. It is therefore an important fundamental question whether ultra-thin film confinement may induce observable superconductivity in non-superconducting metals such as magnesium. We study this problem using a generalization, in the Eliashberg framework, of a BCS theory of superconductivity in good metals under thin-film confinement. By numerically solving these new Eliashberg type equations, we find the dependence of the superconducting critical temperature on the film thickness, L. This parameter-free theory predicts superconductivity in very thin magnesium films. We demonstrate that this is a fine-tuning problem where the thickness must assume a very precise value, close to half a nanometer.