Numerical Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beam using Carrera Unified Formulation based on a Concrete Damage Model

This work presents numerical results of reinforced concrete beams via one-dimensional beam finite elements based on the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF). Lagrange polynomials are used to express cross-sectional kinematics approximation. Considering the nonlinear behavior of concrete material, a scalar damage model of Mazars based on continuum damage mechanics theory is applied to reflect the real behavior of concrete beams. To validate the accuracy and the efficiency of the above model, a simply supported reinforced concrete beam subjected to a uniform load is investigated. The results are compared with those from the commercial software ABAQUS. Overall, the obtained results show that CUF with the concrete damage model can provide accurate results, which extends the CUF to solve the real problems of civil engineering.