Multi-Level Governance: Mainstreaming Climate Commitments

The Urban climate action: Policies Briefs series has been developed by the UNESCO Chair on Urban Resilience at the University of Southern Denmark (SDU.Resilience), in collaboration with authors from the Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies; the Royal Holloway University of London; the Responsible Risk Resilience Centre (R3C) of Politecnico di Torino; the Climate Policy Initiative (CPI); the German Development Cooperation (GIZ); the Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS); and the Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI). 39% of the NDCs analyzed identified climate hazards that are currently affecting cities in their countries - or might affect them in the future. The climate hazards referred to in the NDCs include floods; droughts; sea level rises; storm events; temperature rises; heat and cold waves; land degradation; saltwater intrusion; water acidification; and wildfires. The Urban climate action: Policies briefs series uses the analysis of the urban context of the NDCs to provide recommendations for policymakers. The recommendations are intended to encourage informed decision-making on specific urban climate-related issues. Based on the analysis of urban-related content in the NDCs, seven thematic Policy Briefs have been produced on the following key topics: Multilevel Governance; Urban Climate Adaptation; Urban Climate Finance; Nature Based Solutions; Disaster Risk Reduction; Loss and Damage; and SDGs, New Urban Agenda, and Voluntary Local Reviews.