Study of Time–Frequency Domain of Acoustic Emission Precursors in Rock Failure during Uniaxial Compression

Predicting rock bursts is essential for maintaining worker safety and the long-term growth of subsurface infrastructure. The purpose of this study is to investigate the precursor reactions and processes of rock instability. To determine the degree of rock damage, the research examines the time-varying acoustic emission (AE) features that occur when rocks are compressed uniaxially and introduces AE parameters such as the b-value, γ-value, and βt-value. The findings suggest that the evolution of rock damage during loading is adequately reflected by the b-value, γ-value, and βt-value. The relationships between b-value, γ-value, and βt-value are studied, as well as the possibility of using these three metrics as early-warning systems for rock failure.