Study on Simulation and Design of Natural Ventilation for Patio Space of Multi Corridor Inpatient Building in Humid and Hot Areas

Due to the special climate in the humid and hot areas of China, the ventilation of hospitals through an airconditioning system leads to huge energy consumption. Most public spaces in the inpatient department of a hospital can and should be naturally ventilated to meet the thermal comfort needs of users, improve indoor air quality, and effectively save energy and reduce consumption, given proper categorization and layout. The patio is a common climate adaptive space for buildings in humid and hot areas. The article took Guangzhou, a representative city in the hot and humid region of China (23. 1°N, 113. 3°E), as the research location and the corridor-type inpatient building as the research object. Through the CFD simulation experiment of designing a hospital inpatient building model and analyzing the suitable periods for natural ventilation in hot and humid regions throughout the year, the study explored the influence of design elements of courtyard space on the natural ventilation performance of the public space in the nursing unit of the multi-corridor inpatient building. The results show that compared with the building without a patio, the multi-corridor inpatient building with the patio space can effectively improve the natural ventilation performance of the nursing unit public space of the multi-corridor inpatient building; By setting an appropriate plan form, position, and height for the courtyard, the public space of each nursing unit on all levels of the multi corridor inpatient building can achieve natural ventilation that meets human comfort. By setting the position of the air inlet on the ground floor of the inpatient building reasonably, the potential for natural ventilation throughout the year can be increased. For example, in the Guangzhou area, besides the south-facing direction, there is a higher frequency of natural wind in the southeast, northeast, and north directions. Therefore, in addition to the south-facing direction on the ground floor of the building, it is also appropriate to set some air inlets in the southeast, northeast, and north directions to increase the potential for natural ventilation throughout the year.