Numerical approach to disbonds in bonded composite Single Lap Joints: Comparison between Carrera Unified Formulation and classical Finite Element modeling

The scope of this study is the monitoring of the adhesion integrity of composite Single Lap Joints (SLJs) through the assessment of the 𝑀𝑈 𝐿2 CODE, software developed by the 𝑀𝑈 𝐿2 Research Group - Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering of Politecnico di Torino. The 𝑀𝑈 𝐿2 CODE is implemented through the Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF) for 2D structures based on Hierarchical Legendre Expansion (HLE) polynomials. An efficient method for the Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of bonded composite joints is experimentally verified and simulated by commercial FE software and by the CUF approach, in order to reduce the computational cost of analyses: using transient excitations via toneburst signals, the structural health of damaged SLJ is analytically, experimentally and numerically evaluated. The interaction mechanism between the waves traveling through the investigated specimens is numerically simulated with a simple Finite Elements (FE) model and it is solved via 𝑀𝑈 𝐿2 CODE and commercial software Ansys Workbench (with 2D and 3D models), respectively. Experimental campaigns data are compared with analytical, CUF and Ansys results demonstrating the consistence of the 𝑀𝑈 𝐿2 formulation that is computationally simpler, but very efficient for the joint analysis. The presented and discussed CUF application is able to quantify with a high accuracy the debonding extension in the damaged SLJ, simply tuning the excitation frequency of the SHM technique.