Il recupero e riuso nell’architettura del cammino: uno sguardo al futuro dei casòt piemontesi e dei cabotes borgognesi, Recovery and reuse in the walkway architecture: looking to the future for dismissed rural buildings in Italy and France

The old buildings that are vacant, many of them with cultural, social and historical values, are part of the identity of a region and are an opportunity to revitalize it, through its reuse. It is urgent to use environmental and cultural sustainability criteria in this process, in counter-cycle with the increase in construction waste production, that between 2015-2018 reached values of 48% (dangerous) and 38.7% (non-hazardous), resulting from the current practice of demolitions. Earthen architecture is one of these heritage legacies at risk, disseminated in the Central region of Portugal, and the present study inventoried representative buildings - the Patio Houses Gandaresas (1164 buildings) and the Brazilian type Houses (462 buildings) - in 10 municipalities . Based on this survey, the most significant typologies and their constructive system characterization were studied, serving as a basis for the structuring of a methodology for minimum conservation intervention, for which the current anomalies were previously identified: deformation of facades, lack of cohesion of the structural system (walls/floors/roofing), incorrect functioning of the rainwater drainage system and ventilation at the base of the walls, the action of salts on the coatings, among others. The exhaustive knowledge of materials, construction systems, risks of degradation due to use or environmental conditions impacts, as well as interventions from the past to be reversed, support the options of real case studies of minimum intervention, of which two examples are presented: the Cestinhos House at Ílhavo and Gandaresa House at Seixo in Mira.