To expand the application scope of renewable energy sources, it is essential to further develop storage systems aimed at compensating the discrepancy in time between an energy-generation surplus and energy-demand peak. To this end, sorption thermal energy storage (STES) has recently gained interest for long-term (or seasonal) thermal energy storage. In the STES process, charging and discharging are typically based on reversible reactions between a solid sorbent and fluid (sorbate) that form the working pair. Sorbates are typically low-cost and environmentally safe fluids (e.g., water); however, the lack of robust and low-cost sorbent materials still creates a technological bottleneck for the long-term storage of thermal energy and, more generally, for sorption-based heat transformation. This study provides a general review of the existing sorbent–sorbate pairs, which consist of four main classes: liquids, solids, chemicals, and composite materials, with a special focus on their current costs. The results are presented in the form of several charts, which provide a comprehensive overview of sorbent materials in terms of their energy storage density (MJ/m3), energy storage capacity (kJ/kg), and desorption temperature (i.e., charging temperature). In addition, novel charts are provided for a less explored parameter: the specific cost of current sorbents (expressed in kWh/€, which is the inverse of the storage capacity cost (SCC−1). SCC−1 is a crucial figure of merit for a given sorbent because it affects the sorbent's real potential for widespread future applications.

Comparison of key performance indicators of sorbent materials for thermal energy storage with an economic focus / Aghemo, Letizia; Lavagna, Luca; Chiavazzo, Eliodoro; Pavese, Matteo. - In: ENERGY STORAGE MATERIALS. - ISSN 2405-8297. - ELETTRONICO. - 55:(2023), pp. 130-153. [10.1016/j.ensm.2022.11.042]

Comparison of key performance indicators of sorbent materials for thermal energy storage with an economic focus

Aghemo, Letizia;Lavagna, Luca;Chiavazzo, Eliodoro;Pavese, Matteo
2023

Abstract

To expand the application scope of renewable energy sources, it is essential to further develop storage systems aimed at compensating the discrepancy in time between an energy-generation surplus and energy-demand peak. To this end, sorption thermal energy storage (STES) has recently gained interest for long-term (or seasonal) thermal energy storage. In the STES process, charging and discharging are typically based on reversible reactions between a solid sorbent and fluid (sorbate) that form the working pair. Sorbates are typically low-cost and environmentally safe fluids (e.g., water); however, the lack of robust and low-cost sorbent materials still creates a technological bottleneck for the long-term storage of thermal energy and, more generally, for sorption-based heat transformation. This study provides a general review of the existing sorbent–sorbate pairs, which consist of four main classes: liquids, solids, chemicals, and composite materials, with a special focus on their current costs. The results are presented in the form of several charts, which provide a comprehensive overview of sorbent materials in terms of their energy storage density (MJ/m3), energy storage capacity (kJ/kg), and desorption temperature (i.e., charging temperature). In addition, novel charts are provided for a less explored parameter: the specific cost of current sorbents (expressed in kWh/€, which is the inverse of the storage capacity cost (SCC−1). SCC−1 is a crucial figure of merit for a given sorbent because it affects the sorbent's real potential for widespread future applications.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11583/2973862