Técnicas digitales para el estudio de bóvedas complejas | Digital techniques for the study of complex vaults

Professors Roberta Spallone and Marco Vitali of the Politecnico di Torino have in-depth studied the complex vaults of the atriums of the Turinese palaces, carrying out a classification of the vaults into three types: “planterian”, “star-shaped” and “a fascioni”. The first two types were analyzed and the results published. In this study, the massive data collection and lifting of the vaults called “a fascioni” or by arches or bands was carried out. 13 palaces were cataloged whose atriums are covered with this type of vaults. For the subsequent geometric analysis, digital modeling, and comparison with the textbook literature, the atria and staircases of each one of them were scanned with a Faro model Focus 130-3D scanner. The scans were previously planned due to the difficulty of scanning complex curved surfaces where the angle of incidence has large variations. The processing of the clouds was carried out with the Scene-19 program. Scaled orthophotos were obtained and exported to AutoCAD using e-57 files. The point clouds made it possible to geometrically obtain the real curvatures of the intrados surfaces that make up the vaults composed of bands or arches. It was found that these are independent vaults, divided by the arches to decompose the space as Guarino Guarini proposed in his treatise. This study is the result of the research stay granted by the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities to carry out the project "New technologies for the analysis and conservation of architectural heritage".