Impact of vehicles on air quality in Russia and Italy and mechanisms for sustainable development of road transport

Air quality in the megacities of Russia and Italy, despite their different specificity, causes similar concerns of the relevant state authorities with respect to vehicle emissions, as well as the concentration of toxic pollutants in urban areas. The article is devoted to the analysis of the influence of vehicles on air quality in Russia and Italy and discussion of possible approaches to reducing the negative consequences of the operation of motor vehicles. The application of various methods (engine improvement, improvement of fuel quality, development of road infrastructure, improvement of traffic organization) is discussed for both countries, as well as for other regions, with emphasis on the applicability aspects, costeffectiveness ratio. Externalities caused by transport pollution are considered with an assessment of the possibilities of limiting the impact and preventing environmental damage, as well as taking into account financial and infrastructural costs.