Semi-empirical study of water flow through vortex triodes and performance optimization

A study was carried out to evaluate behavior and performance of vortex triodes. In particular, the study investigated the geometries and operating conditions which minimize the control flow capable of intercepting the supply flow. The study was conducted experimentally using a specially designed test bench on prototypes operating with water. The geometric parameters which influence vortex valve performance were identified and varied so as to minimize the ratio between control and supply flows. The paper presents a semi-empirical formula to predict vortex valve performance. In particular, the formula takes valve outlet geometry and the shape of outlet diffusers into account.