Geotechnical Characterization of Structurally Complex Formations: Standard Laboratory Testing

The characterization of Structurally Complex Formations is a challenging task due to the number of issues which may be encountered, e.g. time-dependent behavior, swelling/squeezing conditions, complex structure, saturation, hydraulic properties. The excavation of the Bologna-Florence high speed railway line in Italy offered the opportunity to investigate the mechanical behavior of a Structurally Complex Formation both from standard and advanced laboratory testing point of view. The paper describes the relevant issues raised during the standard laboratory testing with the aim of being a useful guide for Geotechnical Engineers who approach first the study of structurally complex rocks.