Conforming and performing planning systems in Europe: an unbearable cohabitation

Two planning system models currently cohabit in Europe: a more traditional and widespread one, aspiring to ‘conform’ single projects to a collective strategy; and a different and less institutionalised one, promoting those projects capable of ‘performing’ a collective strategy. Historical and cultural reasons may explain the major diffusion and persistence of the former, but current needs of territorial governance lead to consider the latter as preferable. This is especially so in the light of the EU integration process, such cohabitation is no longer bearable and conforming ambitions should be definitively abandoned.