A GNSS radio occultation catalogue: Dispersive arcs from cislunar and lunar surface observations

Catalogue of 263 dispersive ionospheric and plasmaspheric occultation arcs observed by the Lunar GNSS Receiver Experiment (LuGRE) payload during Blue Ghost Mission 1 (BGM1), covering the commissioning, transit, low lunar orbit and lunar-surface phases (January–March 2025). Arcs are identified in the 1 Hz dual-frequency (L1/E1–L5/E5a) GPS and Galileo observables of the public LuGRE mission data (10.5281/zenodo.16411687) and classified as ingress, egress or tangent. Classification is based on Total Electron Content (TEC) time series and uses the median Rate of TEC (ROT) and the ROT Index (ROTI), with an empirical threshold of 0.007 TECU/s, and is checked against an independent geometric criterion based on the tangent-point (grazing) altitude. Each arc entry stores timing, grazing-altitude, ROT/ROTI and ΔSTEC attributes, the geomagnetic activity level (Kp, NOAA G-scale), a validation status flag, and the full time series of code- and carrier-phase-levelled slant TEC (not corrected for instrumental biases), ROT, ROTI, tangent-point position, receiver and satellite ECEF coordinates, and local time. The file is distributed in HDF5 format (≈166 MB), with a header of dataset-wide metadata and per-class summary statistics.