The Multidimensionality of Just Green Transitions

This chapter discusses the multidimensional framework of Just Green Transitions that is integral to achieving climate neutrality, while ensuring fairness and inclusivity. This framework encompasses social, economic, spatial, environmental, technical, and governance dimensions, emphasising the need for a holistic approach to transitioning to sustainable, low-carbon economies. The social aspect prioritises justice and equity, addressing vulnerabilities and empowering marginalised groups through distributional, recognitional, and procedural justice. Economically, JGTs provide opportunities for regional economic restructuring and diversification, including the development of circular economies and green innovation ecosystems. This is despite the substantial costs associated with the technical aspects of JGTs, particularly helping high-polluting industries and businesses to shift to carbon-neutral internal technological practices and processes. Spatially, tailored policies mitigate territorial disparities and integrate socio-cultural identities into transition strategies. The environmental dimension focuses on achieving long-term sustainability through carbon neutrality, biodiversity preservation, and resilience-building. Effective governance structures have a key role in delivering this multidimensional JGT framework, with public institutions playing a pivotal role in fostering multi-level and multi-actor collaboration, enhancing citizen engagement, and promoting policy coherence.