Turin’s Transition towards a Post-Fordist, Post-Pandemic, and Post-Carbon Metropolis

Over recent decades, the question of metropolitan cities in planning and governance has been at the center of political and academic debate. Given that the term "metropolitan" is commonly used to describe an urbanized territory extending beyond the core city, the critical issue to address lies in finding a correspondence between the functional dimension and the institutional structure of the metropolitan level. In Italy, metropolitan cities were officially recognized after various attempts in the 1990s and 2000s. Among the 14 Italian metropolitan cities, the Turin metropolitan city is the largest, covering a very vast and heterogeneous territory composed of the urban core of Turin, its periurban areas, hills, and mountain regions in the Alps. This chapter describes the paradigm shift, in which the Turin metropolitan city is evolving from a post-Fordist to a post-pandemic and, more recently, to a post-carbon metropolis.