Research on Environmental Performance-oriented Evaluation Method of Indoor Arena Roof System

Dealing with the relationship between environment and human needs has always been one of the core issues in sheds design. The dual changes in energy structures and climate environments necessitate a comprehensive transformation from design awareness to design processes and tools. As a crucial climate and energy efficiency interface for large-scale public buildings, the roof system of indoor arenas embodies the complexity of performance-oriented design and evaluation. This study aims to address the core issue of scientifically and effectively evaluating the roof systems of indoor arenas in performance-oriented design. Accordingly, this research proposes a performance-oriented evaluation method for indoor arenas’ roof systems, aiming to provide architects with environmental performance information to support design iterations and reduce the time and knowledge barriers of performance evaluation. This study consists of three main parts: Theory and Methodology Development: This study systematically reviews the theories, concepts, and tools of performance-oriented design and constructs a design evaluation method consisting of an "environmental performance evaluation framework-parametric simulation description model-performance simulation module-multi-criteria decision-making module." Python was used to develop a toolset for large-scale performance research and design evaluation. The environmental performance evaluation framework abstracts the complex design parameter space of the indoor arena roof systems. It establishes a long-term dynamic environmental performance indicator matrix based on climate, including daylight performance, energy performance, and carbon emission indicators, with improved long-term illuminance uniformity and energy production indicators. Simulation parameter models (SPMs) adaptable to different information levels at different design stages are proposed, solving the problem of interfacing complex freeform surfaces with mainstream simulation engines. The performance simulation module integrates simulation prediction and data management modules that support large-scale simulation experiments and rapid scheme analysis, improving evaluation efficiency. The multi-criteria decision-making module improves the CRITIC-TOPSIS algorithm, extending the decision evaluation time domain to the building lifecycle and assisting architects in multi-scheme comparison. Evaluation Framework Validation and Performance Mechanism Study: Using Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Harbin as examples, stratified+LHS sampling and statistical methods were employed to analyse 8,983 valid samples. Performance analysis and statistical correlation analysis were used to reveal the relationships between environmental performance indicators, verify the indicator matrix's scientific validity, and determine the necessity of adding an illuminance uniformity indicator. Interpretable machine learning models were established to identify the importance of design parameters to performance indicators. The quantitative relationships between indoor arena roof system design and environmental performance were systematically revealed through controlled variable simulation experiments. In terms of daylight performance, the coupled effects of skylight window-to-floor ratio and other design parameters were explored, introducing intermediate variables describing skylight distribution patterns. In terms of energy performance, the thermal performance of the envelope structure, the surface area of roofs and exterior walls, and spatial volume were analyzed for their impact on energy consumption, discussing the effects of different climate zones and spatial topologies on energy performance. Application Evaluation of the Design Evaluation Method: The applicability and scalability of the performance-oriented design evaluation method were validated through a two-stage design iteration of a real case. The constructed multi-level SPMs adapt to different stages of design information, supporting the environmental performance evaluation of complex building forms and providing timely, objective, and effective information during the design process. The multi-criteria decision-making module extends instantaneous performance decision analysis to the building lifecycle, combining building structure and material carbon emission information to give dynamic time-series weights of different performance indicators over the building lifecycle. During the two-stage scheme iteration, the performance indicator set evolved with the scheme's depth, confirming the adaptability and scalability of the CRITIC-TOPSIS decision model. Sensitivity analysis verified the robustness of the decision model, providing stable decision information even in complex indicator sets with hidden correlations. This research focuses on building environmental performance evaluation methods, using indoor arena roof systems as the research object, and conducts research from multiple dimensions such as theory, methods, tools, mechanisms, and application evaluation. It constructs a methodology for performance-oriented design evaluation, develops parametric models and performance simulation data management toolsets supporting complex forms, systematically reveals the quantitative relationship mechanisms between indoor arena roof forms and environmental performance, and extends the time domain of multi-criteria decision models. The research results provide references for sports buildings and universal ideas and tools for the performance-oriented design of other types of buildings.