Positioning exploiting GNSS raw measurements

Position and navigation are key advancements of smartphones technology. Nowadays, any smartphone is equipped with a GNSS chip, providing the device position and time. On one side, the improvements in electronics and communications boosted the design of smaller, cheaper and power saving GNSS chips, which are now multi-constellation and multi-frequency and outperform dedicated personal positioning devices. On the other side, the availability of accurate position and time enabled the development of services and location-based applications making the smartphone a professional positioning instrument. Starting from 2016, Android smartphones provide a set of raw GNSS measurements, inaddition to the user position, which open the way to more advanced and customizable positioning algorithms. This chapter first gives an overview on GNSS, then introduces the use of GNSS in smartphones, including the latest developments. Finally, examples of positioning performances, obtained exploiting raw GNSS measurements, are reported.