Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Magnetism

This chapter is intended for readers approaching Magnetism and Magnetics without a substantial knowledge of the subject matter, and/or looking for a summary account of its highlights. A difficulty in mastering the topic stems from the fact that Magnetism is a multi-scale research area, spanning from basic quantum theory of single atoms (the Aufbauprinzip of Bohr and Pauli) to the functional properties of macroscopic magnetic materials. This Chapter will touch all these aspects by following a slightly unconventional order. The Author is aware of the existence of excellent textbooks on Magnetism; some are listed as References. However, it is hoped that this effort will be of some interest to some people in some circumstances.