In this paper, we present a fully automated procedure for the direct design of a novel class of single‑feed flat antennas with patterning of a conductive surface. We introduce a convenient surface discretization, based on hexagonal cells, and define an appropriate objective function, including both gain and input matching requirements. The reference geometry is constituted by a very thin, single feed‑point square panel. It features a backing metal plate (“ground”) and a top conductive layer, which is automatically patterned to achieve the desired radiation and input matching properties. The process employs an evolutionary algorithm combined with a boundary element electromagnetic solver. By applying this method, we designed an antenna tailored to the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency band, with a size of 24 cm × 24 cm , i.e., 2 × 2 wavelengths and an height of 4 mm, or 0.03 wavelengths. Measured data confirmed the expected high gain (13 dBi), with a remarkable aperture efficiency (higher than 50%, including losses), thus validating the proposed approach.

First demonstration of machine-designed ultra-flat, low-cost directive antenna / Zucchi, Marcello; Giordanengo, Giorgio; Righero, Marco; Vecchi, Giuseppe. - In: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS. - ISSN 2045-2322. - ELETTRONICO. - 10:10506 (2020)(2020), pp. 1-9. [10.1038/s41598-020-67354-2]

First demonstration of machine-designed ultra-flat, low-cost directive antenna

Zucchi, Marcello;Giordanengo, Giorgio;Vecchi, Giuseppe
2020

Abstract

In this paper, we present a fully automated procedure for the direct design of a novel class of single‑feed flat antennas with patterning of a conductive surface. We introduce a convenient surface discretization, based on hexagonal cells, and define an appropriate objective function, including both gain and input matching requirements. The reference geometry is constituted by a very thin, single feed‑point square panel. It features a backing metal plate (“ground”) and a top conductive layer, which is automatically patterned to achieve the desired radiation and input matching properties. The process employs an evolutionary algorithm combined with a boundary element electromagnetic solver. By applying this method, we designed an antenna tailored to the 2.4 GHz ISM frequency band, with a size of 24 cm × 24 cm , i.e., 2 × 2 wavelengths and an height of 4 mm, or 0.03 wavelengths. Measured data confirmed the expected high gain (13 dBi), with a remarkable aperture efficiency (higher than 50%, including losses), thus validating the proposed approach.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11583/2837656