Towards future infrastructures for sustainable multi-energy systems: a review

ReviewTowards future infrastructures for sustainable multi-energy systems:A reviewElisa Guelpaa,*, Aldo Bischib, Vittorio Verdaa, Michael Chertkovb,c, Henrik LunddaPolitecnico di Torino, Energy Department, ItalybSkolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Center for Energy Science and Technology, RussiacLos Alamos National Laboratory, Physics of Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, USAdAalborg University, Department of Planning, Denmarkarticle infoArticle history:Received 12 December 2018Received in revised form6 May 2019Accepted 8 May 2019Available online 9 May 2019Keywords:Energy infrastructureSmart energy systemsSmart gridHybrid energy systemsDistrict heatingGas gridabstractIntegration of different energy infrastructures (heat, electricity and gas vectors) offers great potential forbetter managing energy sources, reducing consumption and waste as well as enabling a higher share ofrenewables, lower environmental impact and lower costs. This paper aims at reviewing the state-of-the-art energy system infrastructures in order to provide a comprehensive overview of technologies, oper-ational strategies, modelling aspects and the trends towards integration of heat, electricity and gasinfrastructures.Various technological domains are taken into account, ranging from energy distribution networks(thermal, electric and gas), components for the energy vector conversion (e.g. combined heat and power,power to heat, power to gas, etc.) and energy storage. Furthermore, the aspects related to smart man-agement in energy systems are investigated, such as integration of renewable energy sources and energyrecovery systems.