Passive Upper Limb Exoskeletons: An Experimental Campaign with Workers

Wearable exoskeletons are currently evaluated as technological aids for workers on the factory floor, as suggested by the philosophy of Industry 4.0. The paper presents the results of experimental tests carried out on a first prototype of a passive upper limbs exoskeleton developed by IUVO. Eighteen FCA workers participated to the study. Experimental tests were designed to evaluate the influence of the exoskeleton while accomplishing different tasks, both in static and dynamic conditions. Quantitative and qualitative parameters were analyzed to evaluate usability, potential benefits and acceptability of the device. Results show, on average, that wearing the exoskeleton has a positive effect in increasing: (i) endurance time while holding demanding postures with raised arms and/or having to lift and hold small work tools, (ii) endurance time and accuracy execution in precision tasks. The users also declared a lower perceived effort, while performing tasks with the exoskeleton.