Model, digital technologies and datization. Toward an explicit design practice

Urban and architectural design have been characterized by implicit approaches based on the application of designers’ and experts’ non-explicit knowledge and experience. However, with the advent of digital techniques, whether of the first (modelling), the second (materialization) or the third (datization) digital era, it is possible to use tools and design methods based on models and algorithms to reach possible explicit solutions to project challenges. Design practices and design actions are becoming explicit, and are enriched by data, meta-data and information. Models can be used to create complex realities, and, furthermore, to analyze, interpret and improve them. Data allows us to generate conscious visions, study correlations and influences, optimize forms and integrate different aspects of knowledge and different performance-driven scenarios from the building programming design phase onwards. Architects and planners have to face this challenge to ensure the survival of their professional figures and meet the needs of innovation resulting from pervasive datization and the diffusion of digital instruments and tools.