Monitoring of existing masonry buildings during constructions of an innovative base-isolation system

An innovative base isolation system has been recently proposed for the retrofitting of existing buildings, in which the isolation layer is inserted under the building foundations so that the building, along with its foundations, is isolated from the surrounding soil. The isolation layer resides in closely-spaced micro-tunnels, constructed under the entire width of the building. These micro-tunnels, along with the trenches around the building, isolate the structure from the surrounding soil. The execution of these micro-tunnels is the most critical construction stage, because it may result in settlements which can damage the structure. In this paper, the behaviour of an existing structure, consisting of a masonry wall subjected to tunnelling-induced ground subsidence, is analysed. A parametric study is conducted using 2-D nonlinear finite element analyses to understand the role of key factors such as strength and stiffness of soil and masonry, roughness of soil-structure interface, excavation sequence of tunnels, wall dimensions and openings configuration. The study identifies the design variables which influence the most the risk of structural damage and suggests the most effective damage symptoms to be monitored during construction.